This module explores the purpose of biodiversity conservation and how expenditure of resources on conservation may be justified. This is now vitally important for any person working in the area of environment and sustainability as biodiversity is decreasing at a rate never experienced before. Students will examine from both a theoretical and practical standpoint, the concept of biodiversity and its conservation. The significance of preservation vs conservation is examined as biodiversity is essential for maintaining ecosystem health and human wellbeing. This module analyses the impacts of humanity on biodiversity and explores possible mitigation measures through the review of case studies in the management of conservation areas, and habitat restoration.