UNIX Overview: History, standards, shells, interfaces. UNIX architecture: Features, partition of functions and position in the layered structure Kernel organisation: Control flow, execution, daemons, timers, interrupts, clocks, modules. Process Management: Process manager, system calls, task creation, blocking, wait queues, scheduling, IPC, booting. Memory management: Virtual address space, secondary memory, shared memory, addressing, performance issues, system calls. File management: File I/O, file access, different file systems, performance issues, system calls. Device management: Device drivers, streams, interrupt handling, disk drive example. Laboratory: A set of laboratory exercises based on skeleton example programs will guide the student through the internals of the UNIX operating system. The example programs will be developed in shell scripts and C/C++ programming environments.