Challenges to be faced when developing applications for mobile devices. Platform specific mobile applications and/or mobile web applications; mobile application lifecycles. Mobile applications and their architectures. Overview of operating systems (OSs) and Application Programming Interfaces (APIs) to choose from when developing applications for mobile devices. Comparison of native development environment options; software development kits (SDKs) and emulators. Installing and configuring the development environment. Managing application resources; designing user interfaces; data storage and retrieval options; synchronization and replication of mobile data. Communications via network and the web; networking and web services; wireless connectivity and mobile applications. Performance consideration: performance and memory management; performance and threading; graphics and user interface performance; use various facilities for concurrency. Security considerations: encryptions, authentication, protection against rogue applications. Location based application; location API. Packaging and deploying applications for mobile devices.