The module covers glass formation and crystallisation of glass ceramics by thermal processing of parent glasses, properties and applications of glass ceramics. Ceramic powder production/processing routes will be covered with steps that are taken to ensure minimal agglomeration. Sialon materials will be described with reference to the phase diagram. Factors affecting the strength of ceramics will be described. Applications of zirconia and zirconia toughened ceramics will be discussed with advanced ceramic matrix composites and bioceramics.