The structure and biological function of proteins: Amino acids, peptides and the peptide bond. Polypeptides.Overview of protein function; catalysis, transport, structural, regulatory and defence functions. Case study; structure and function of muscle proteins; myosin, actin and muscle contraction. The structure and biological functions of carbohydrates: Monosaccharides, disaccharides, polysaccharides. Storage and structural functions. The structure and biological functions of lipids: Fatty acids. Storage and structural lipids. Biological membranes. Nucleic acids: DNA and RNA. Genome structure. Transcription and gene regulation. Translation. Basic metabolic principles; metabolic pathways, catabolism versus anabolism. Overview of stage I, II and III catabolic pathways. Summary overview of carbohydrate catabolism; glycolysis and the TCA cycle. The generation and uses of ATP; oxidative phosphorylation and electron transport. The biochemistry of blood: Blood; composition and major functions. Haemoglobin and gas transport. Blood and pH regulation. Introductory immunology: Humoral immunity; antigens and antibodies. Cellular immunity. Cytokine based regulation of immune function.